Coordinates A geographic coordinate system enables every location on the Earth to be specified in three coordinates, using mainly a spherical coordinate system: 22°54′N 88°23′E / 22.90°N 88.39°E Hooghly-Chinsurah (also commonly known as Hughly-Chinsura or Chuchura) (Bengali Bengali or Bangla (IPA: [ˈbaŋla] বাংলা) is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from the Magadhi Prakrit and Sanskrit languages: চূঁচূড়া) is a town in the state of West Bengal West Bengal is a state in eastern India. With Bangladesh, which lies on its eastern border, the state forms the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and the country Bhutan, and to its southwest, the state of Orissa. To the west it borders the states of Jharkhand and Bihar, and to the northwest,, India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517. It lies on the Hooghly River The Hooghly River or the Bhāgirathi-Hooghly, is an approximately 260 kilometres (160 mi) long distributary of the Ganges River in West Bengal, India. It splits from the Ganges as a canal in Murshidabad District at the Farakka Barrage. The town of Hugli-Chinsura, formerly Hooghly, is located on the river, in the Hooghly (district). The origins of, 35 km north of Kolkata Kolkata (Bengali: কলকাতা ; IPA: [ˈkolkat̪a]), formerly Calcutta (help·info), is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. When referred to as Calcutta, it usually includes the suburbs, and thus its population exceeds 15 million, making it India's third-(Calcutta). It is located in the district of Hooghly and is home to the district headquarters. Chinsurah also houses the Commissioner of the Burdwan Range. It forms a part of the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) region.[1]
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Etymology
Hooghly-Chinsurah was a municipality formed by the merging of two towns, Hooghly and Chinsura, in 1865. The names are spelled in various other ways including the use of Hooghly, Hugli, Hughli, Chinsura, Chunchura or Chinsurah to make up the name e.g. Hugli-Chinsura or Hooghly-Chinsura amongst others.
The Grand Trunk Road (GT Road) passes through the town. Chuchura and Hooghly are two historic stations on the Howrah-Burdwan main line of the Eastern Railway. Ferry services on the River Hooghly serves as a link with the district of North 24 Parganas.
Geography
Hugli-Chuchura is located at 22°54′N 88°23′E / 22.90°N 88.39°E.[2]
History
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The town of Hooghly-Chuchura was founded by the Portuguese The Portuguese Empire was among the first global empires in history, with territories in South America, Africa, India and South East Asia subject to the sovereignty of Portugal. It was also one of the longest lived of the modern European colonial empires, spanning almost five centuries, from the discovery of Brazil in 1500 to the handover of Macau in 1579. Some religious structures were built and the city flourished as a trading port. One such structure is a Church dedicated to a Charismatic statue of the Mother Mary. The statue was brought by the Portuguese and established on the bank of the river Hoogly. In the 17th century, political disorder struck the city and the Mughal Following 1725 the empire declined rapidly, weakened by wars of succession, agrarian crises fueling local revolts, the growth of religious intolerance, and British colonialism. The last Emperor, Bahadur Zafar Shah II, whose rule was restricted to the city of Delhi, was imprisoned and exiled by the British after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 governor of Bengal Bengal , is a historical and geographical region in the northeast of South Asia. Today it is mainly divided between the sovereign state of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (previously East Bengal / East Pakistan) and West Bengal in India, although some regions of the previous kingdoms of Bengal (during local monarchical regimes and British rule) expelled the Portuguese. While being expelled the Portuguese also carried the statue back with them which while in transit submerged into the river when the local archers were shooting the Portuguese. The statue was later found by the local people on the bank. It took a sentimental chane among the local who again established the statue. The arrested Portuguese were taken to Delhi where a death sentence was granted to those arrested Portuguese. To engineer the death sentence mad elephants were left before those arrested priests in an arena meant for such sentences. The mad elephants came to the arena to do their regular job, inspected the victims and silently went back doing no harm to those priests. This news was informed to the emperor Shahjahan who became very happy and ordered not only release of those priests, but also granted a piece of land on the bank of the river Hoogly where the statue of the Mother Mary was reestablished. There a church was constructed which became very popular among the voyagers, especially, the Portuguese. The statue became an icon of patron saint for the safety in sea voyages from Portugal to India. In one such voyage the ship while sailing was caught in a cyclone and was about to sink in mid sea. The captain offered prayers to Mother Mary keeping this statue in mind. The ship survived from the storm. When the ship was anchored on the bank of Hoogly, the captain offered the mast of his ship to this church as the mast is the icon of the highest honour of a ship. The same mast is still erected outside the church. The church was renovated in 1980s and nowadays is visited by several people including non Christians. The church has been declared as a Basilica by the authority of Rome. Thus Hoogli has become a place of pilgrimage. The statue is still venerated in the church; people queue to visit it. In 1656 the Dutch The Netherlands (pronounced /ˈnɛðərləndz/ ; Dutch: Nederland, pronounced [ˈneːdərlɑnt] ( listen)) is a country in Northwestern Europe, constituting the major portion of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy. The Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, erected a factory on the site of the town, on a healthy spot of ground, much preferable to that on which Kolkata (Calcutta) is situated. At that point Kolkata was the principal Dutch settlement in Bengal (although not known by the name) used as a base for the Dutch intra-asian opium trade.
In 1759 a British force under Colonel Forde was attacked at the Battle of Chinsurah by the garrison of Chinsura on its march to Chandernagore Coordinates: 22°52′N 88°23′E / 22.87°N 88.38°E Chandannagar, formerly known as Chandernagore or Chandernagar , (Bengali: চন্দননগর Chôndonnôgor) is a small city and former French colony located 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Kolkata, in West Bengal, India. It is head quarters of a subdivision in Hooghly District. It, but in less than half an hour the Dutch were entirely routed. In 1795, during the Napoleonic wars The Napoleonic Wars were a series of conflicts involving Napoleon's French Empire and changing sets of European allies and opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionized European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to the, the settlement was occupied by a British garrison. At the peace of 1814 it was restored to the Dutch. It was among the cessions in India made by the king of the Netherlands in 1825 in exchange for the British possessions in Sumatra Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two larger islands, Borneo and New Guinea, are partially in Indonesia), and the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470,000 km²).
Demographics
As of 2001[update] India census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national 'population and door to door censuses' , agriculture, and business censuses. The term itself comes[3], Hugli-Chinsurah had a population of 170,201. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Hugli-Chinsurah has an average literacy rate of 81%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 77%. In Hugli-Chinsurah, 8% of the population is under 6 years of age.
The town
Chuchura Ghorir More Clock Tower Hooghly ImambaraBoth Chinsurah and Hooghly played an active role in the Bengal renaissance and the freedom movement of India. Vandemataram, India's national song was composed by Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay at Joraghat in Chinsurah. Nazrul Islam's famous revolutionary songs were penned while he was imprisoned by the British in Hooghly Jail. The town was home to Jyotish Chandra Ghosh (Mastar mashay), hailed as guru by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose. Notable figures associated with the town include Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, Bhudeb Mukhopadhyay, Murarimohan Mukherjee and so on.
The Main Places of attraction are:
Temple of Shandeshwar Ghorir More (Edwardian Clock tower) Diocese Church Dutch Cemetery Armenian Church Hooghly Imambara Chinsurah maidan Temple of Mahishmardini District Court building Ghats on the Ganges
A lot more historical buildings and monuments are scattered throughout the town.
Nearest places of attractions are:
Bandel Church Chandernagore French Museum
Education
Hooghly-Chinsurah's biggest contribution to the Bengal renaissance was in the field of education. Some of the oldest and famous schools and colleges of the state are located here. A few notable names are:
Schools:
Auxilium Convent School Hooghly Branch School (Estd.-1834) Hooghly Collegiate School (Estd.-1812) Deshbandhu Memorial High School Balika Bani Mandir Hooghly Duff High School Jyotish Chandra Vidyapith Balika Siksha Mandir Hooghly Binodini Girls High School Deshbandhu Memorial Girls High School Techno India School Colleges:
Hooghly Mohsin College (Estd.-1836) Hooghly Women's College Hooghly Institute of Technology Techno India College (Estd.-2007)
Politics
Current MLA from Chinsurah assembly constituency is Naren Dey of AIFB, who won the seat in State elections of 2006. He also won this seat as FBL candidate in 2001, 1996, 1991, 1987. Shambhucharan Ghosh of FBL was MLA from this seat in 1982 and in 1977.[4]
Chinsurah assembly constituency is part of Hooghly (Lok Sabha constituency).[5]
See also
- Hooghly District
- West Bengal West Bengal is a state in eastern India. With Bangladesh, which lies on its eastern border, the state forms the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and the country Bhutan, and to its southwest, the state of Orissa. To the west it borders the states of Jharkhand and Bihar, and to the northwest,
- Colonial India Colonial India refers to areas of the Indian Subcontinent under the rule of European colonial powers. The colonial era in India began in 1502, when the Portuguese established the first European trading centre at Kollam, Kerala. In 1510 the Portuguese sailor, Vasco da Gama, established an important trading presence in Goa. Rivalry between European
- European colonies in India
- Dutch India Dutch India refers to the Dutch colonial possessions on the Indian subcontinent, while Dutch Indies refers to the far wider notions of the Dutch West Indies and especially the Dutch East Indies (mainly present Indonesia, the colonial jewel in the Dutch crown, confusingly often informally called Indië ('the region of Greater India') in Dutch). Its
References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the day. This edition of the encyclopedia is now in the public domain, but some of its out-of-, a publication now in the public domain The public domain is a range of abstract materials—commonly referred to as intellectual property—which are not owned or controlled by anyone. The term indicates that these materials are therefore "public property", and available for anyone to use for any purpose. The public domain can be defined in contrast to several forms of.
- ^ "Base Map of Kolkata Metroploitan area". Kolkata Metroploitan Development Authority. http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html. Retrieved on 2007-09-03.
- ^ "Yahoo maps location of Hugli-Chuchura". Yahoo maps. http://maps.yahoo.com/#mvt=m&lat=22.898291&lon=88.39373&zoom=14&q1=Hugli-Chuchura. Retrieved on 2008-12-28.
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved on 2008-11-01.
- ^ "State Elections 2006 - Partywise Comparison for 186-Chinsurah Constituency of West Bengal". Election Commission of India. http://eci.gov.in/electionanalysis/AE/S25/partycomp186.htm. Retrieved on 2008-10-25.
- ^ "Assembly Constituencies - Corresponding Districts and Parliamentary Constituencies". West Bengal. Election Commission of India. http://archive.eci.gov.in/se2001/background/S25/WB_Dist_PC_AC.pdf. Retrieved on 2008-10-02.
External links
Wikisource Wikisource is an online library of free content textual sources, operated by the Wikimedia Foundation. Its aims are to harbour all forms of free text, in many languages. It also provides translation efforts to this end has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the day. This edition of the encyclopedia is now in the public domain, but some of its out-of- article Hugli (town).
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Categories: Neighbourhoods in Kolkata | Former Portuguese colonies | Former Dutch colonies | Cities and towns in Hooghly district
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