b. ^ Information for mainland China Mainland China, Continental China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term that refers to the area under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China , excluding Hong Kong and Macau, which are under the jurisdiction of the PRC but run on different economic and political systems. The term never includes Taiwan only. Hong Kong Hong Kong , officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a highly autonomous special territory of the People's Republic of China, facing Guangdong to the north and the South China Sea to the east, west and south. Hong Kong is a global metropolitan and international financial centre, and has a highly developed capitalist economy and Macau Coordinates: 22°10′00″N 113°33′00″E / 22.166667°N 113.55°E The Macau Special Administrative Region , commonly known as Macau or Macao (pronounced /məˈkaʊ/, traditional Chinese: 澳門; simplified Chinese: 澳门; pinyin: Àomén; Jyutping: ou3 mun4), is one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of are excluded. In addition, the territories under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia that has evolved from a single-party state with full global recognition and jurisdiction over China into a democratic state with limited international recognition and jurisdiction only over Taiwan and minor islands, though it enjoys de facto relations with many other states, commonly known as Taiwan Taiwan , also known as Formosa (Chinese: 福爾摩沙; from Portuguese: Ilha, meaning "beautiful (island)"), is the largest island of the Republic of China in East Asia. Taiwan is located east of the Taiwan Strait, off the southeastern coast of China. Since the end of World War II in 1945, the island group has been under the government, are also excluded.
c. ^ 9,598,086 km2 Excludes all disputed territories. 9,640,821 km2 Includes PRC-administered area (Aksai Chin Aksai Chin, also Aksayqin, Akesaiqin or Akesai Qin , is a disputed region located in the northwestern region of the Tibetan Plateau north of the western Kunlun Mountains. It is entirely administered by China as a part of Kargilik County in the Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang Autonomous Region; it is, however, claimed by India as a part of its state and Trans-Karakoram Tract The Trans-Karakoram Tract is an area of nearly 5,800 km² that, India claims, was transferred by a border agreement from the Pakistani-administered Northern Areas to China in 1963 with the proviso that the settlement was subject to the final solution of the Kashmir dispute. Pakistan says that it was a no-man's undemarcated border land, hence no, both territories claimed by India), Taiwan is not included.[9] Not to be confused with the Republic of China The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia that has evolved from a single-party state with full global recognition and jurisdiction over China into a democratic state with limited international recognition and jurisdiction only over Taiwan and minor islands, though it enjoys de facto relations with many other states. "PRC" redirects here. For other uses, see PRC (disambiguation).The People's Republic of China (PRC) (simplified Chinese Simplified Chinese Characters are one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. They are based mostly on popular cursive (caoshu) forms embodying graphic or phonetic simplifications of the traditional forms that were used in printed text for over a thousand years. The government of the People's: 中华 人民 共和国; traditional Chinese Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. The modern shapes of traditional Chinese characters first appeared with the emergence of the clerical script during the Han Dynasty, and have been more or less stable since the 5th century The retronym "traditional Chinese" is used to: 中華 人民 共和國; pinyin Pinyin , or more formally Hanyu Pinyin (汉语拼音 / 漢語拼音), is currently the most commonly used Romanization system for Standard Mandarin. Hanyu (汉语 / 漢語) means the Chinese language, and pinyin (拼音) means "phonetics", or more literally, "spelling sound" or "spelled sound". The system is used in: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó listen (help·info)), commonly known as China China has one of the world's oldest civilizations and has the oldest continuous civilization. It has archaeological evidence dating back over 5,000 years. It also has one of the world's oldest written language systems, and is viewed as the source of many major inventions. Historically, China's cultural sphere has extended across East Asia as a, is the largest country In geography, a country is a geographical region. The term is often applied to a political division or the territory of a state, or to a smaller, or former, political division of a geographical region. Usually, but not always, a country coincides with a sovereign territory and is associated with a state, nation and government in East Asia East Asia or Eastern Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms. Geographically and geopolitically, it covers about 12,000,000 km2 (4,600,000 sq mi), or about 28 percent of the Asian continent, about 15 percent bigger than the area of Europe, though some categorize Tibet, Xinjiang, and Mongolia as and the most populous This is a list of countries ordered according to population. The list includes sovereign states and inhabited dependent territories based on the ISO standard ISO 3166-1 in the world with over 1.3 billion people, approximately one-fifth of the world's population. It is a socialist "Socialism with Chinese characteristics" (traditional Chinese: 具有中國特色的社會主義, simplified Chinese: 具有中国特色的社会主义, Pronunciation : Jùyǒu Zhōngguó tèsè de shèhuìzhǔyì) is an official term for the economy of the People's Republic of China which as of 2009 consists of the state having republic Strictly speaking, any real or hypothetical state that officially claims to support or uphold the principles of socialism may be called a socialist state. The term socialist republic is used by those socialists who wish to emphasize that they favour a republican form of government. Furthermore, since socialism purports to represent the interests (specifically a people's democratic dictatorship "People's democratic dictatorship" is a phrase incorporated into the Constitution of the People's Republic of China by Mao Zedong. The phrase is notable for being one of the few cases in which the term "dictatorship" is used in a non-pejorative manner according to its constitution The Constitution of the People's Republic of China is the highest law within the People's Republic of China. The current version was adopted by the 5th National People's Congress on December 4, 1982 with further revisions in 1988, 1993, 1999, and 2004. Three previous state constitutions--those of 1954, 1975, and 1978--were superseded in turn. The) ruled by the Communist Party of China The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and the ruling political party of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the world's largest political party. While not a governing body recognized by the PRC's constitution, the Party's position as the supreme political authority and power in the PRC under a single-party A single-party state, one-party system or single-party system is a type of party system government in which a single political party forms the government and no other parties are permitted to run candidates for election. Sometimes the term de facto single-party state is used to describe a dominant-party system where laws or practices prevent the system,[10] and has jurisdiction over twenty-two provinces A province, in the context of Chinese government, is a translation of sheng , which is an administrative division. Together with municipalities, autonomous regions, and the special administrative regions, provinces make up the first level (known as the province level) of administrative division in China. Provinces are also the first level division, five autonomous regions An autonomous region is a first-level administrative subdivision of People's Republic of China. Like Chinese provinces, an autonomous region has its own local government, but an autonomous region theoretically has more legislative rights. In practice, they only have the right to appoint the governor (from the local minority)[citation needed]. In, four municipalities Direct-controlled municipality is the highest level classificiation for cities used by China, Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam with status equal to that of the provinces in respected countries. The People's Republic of China in mainland China, the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in North Korea, the Republic of, and two largely self-governing Special Administrative Regions A Special Administrative Region is a provincial level administrative division in the People's Republic of China. Each SAR has a governmental chief executive as head of the region and head of government. Each region's government, however, is not fully independent, in as much as foreign policy and military defense are retained as the responsibility (Hong Kong Hong Kong , officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, is a highly autonomous special territory of the People's Republic of China, facing Guangdong to the north and the South China Sea to the east, west and south. Hong Kong is a global metropolitan and international financial centre, and has a highly developed capitalist economy and Macau Coordinates: 22°10′00″N 113°33′00″E / 22.166667°N 113.55°E The Macau Special Administrative Region , commonly known as Macau or Macao (pronounced /məˈkaʊ/, traditional Chinese: 澳門; simplified Chinese: 澳门; pinyin: Àomén; Jyutping: ou3 mun4), is one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of). The PRC's capital is Beijing Beijing (pronounced /beɪˈdʒɪŋ/ or /beɪˈʒɪŋ/ in English; Chinese: 北京; pinyin: Běijīng, IPA: [pèɪtɕíŋ] ; Wade-Giles: Pei3ching1 or Pei3-ching1) (also known as Peking (/piːˈkɪŋ/ ( listen) or /peɪˈkɪŋ/)) is a metropolis in northern China and the capital of the People's Republic of China. Governed as a municipality under.[11]
At approximately 9.6 million square kilometres (3.7 million square miles), the People's Republic of China is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area This is a list of the sovereign states and dependent territories of the world, sorted by total area, including all entities on the ISO standard ISO 3166-1,[12] and the second largest by land area.[13] Its landscape is diverse with forest steppes and deserts A desert is a landscape or region that receives almost no precipitation. Deserts are defined as areas with an average annual precipitation of less than 250 millimetres per year, or as areas where more water is lost by evapotranspiration than falls as precipitation. In the Köppen climate classification system, deserts are classed as BWh (hot (the Gobi The Gobi (Mongolian: Говь, Govi, "semidesert"; Chinese: 戈壁 Gēbì (Shāmò)) is the largest desert region in Asia. It covers parts of northern and northwestern China, and of southern Mongolia. The desert basins of the Gobi are bounded by the Altai Mountains and the grasslands and steppes of Mongolia on the north, by the Hexi and Taklamakan The Taklamakan Desert , also known as Taklimakan, is a desert in Central Asia, in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It is bounded by Kunlun Mountains to the south, and Pamir Mountains and Tian Shan (ancient Mount Imeon) to the west and north. The name is a Uyghur borrowing of Arabic tark "to leave alone/) in the dry north near Mongolia Mongolia (pronounced /mɒŋˈɡoʊliə/; Mongolian: Монгол улс , literally Mongol country/nation, ) is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and the People's Republic of China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only 24 and Russia's Siberia Siberia , is the name given to the vast region constituting almost all of Northern Asia and for the most part currently serving as the massive central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, having served in the same capacity previously for the USSR from its beginning, and the Russian Empire beginning in the 16th century, and subtropical The subtropics are the geographical zone of the Earth immediately north and south of the tropic zone, which is bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, at latitude 23.5° north and south. The term "subtropical" describes the climatic region found adjacent to the tropics, usually between 20 and 35 degrees latitude in forests in the wet south close to Vietnam Vietnam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east. With a population of over 86, Laos Laos , officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma and People's Republic of China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south and Thailand to the west. Laos traces its history to the Kingdom of Lan Xang or Land of a Million Elephants, which existed from the 14th to, and Myanmar Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar, is the largest country by geographical area in mainland Southeast Asia or Indochina. The country is bordered by China on the northeast, Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, India on the northwest and the Bay of Bengal to the southwest with the Andaman Sea defining its southern. The terrain in the west is rugged and high altitude High altitude are regions on the Earth's surface that are high above mean sea level. The pressure and temperature of the atmosphere at high altitude is substantially different than at sea level. These differences can affect living organisms, including humans. High altitude is sometimes defined to begin at 2,400 metres (8,000 ft) above sea level, with the Himalayas The Himalaya Range or Himalayas for short , meaning "abode of snow", is a mountain range in Asia, separating the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. By extension, it is also the name of a massive mountain system that includes the Karakoram, the Hindu Kush, and other, lesser, ranges that extend out from the Pamir Knot and the Tian Shan The Tian Shan (Chinese: 天山 ; Pinyin: Tiān Shān; Uyghur: تەڭرىتاغ Tengri Tagh), also commonly spelled Tien Shan, is a mountain range located in Central Asia. The Chinese name for Tian Shan or Tien Shan, may in turn go back to a Xiongnu name, qilian (祁连) reported by the Shiji as the last place where they met and had their baby as mountain ranges forming China's natural borders with India India, officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east, India has a coastline of 7,517 and Central Asia Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east, and from southern Russia in the north to northern India in the south. It is also sometimes known as Middle Asia or Inner Asia, and is within the scope of the wider Eurasian continent. Various definitions of its exact composition exist and no one. In contrast, mainland China's eastern seaboard is low-lying and has a 14,500-kilometre long coastline bounded on the southeast by the South China Sea It is a part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from Singapore to the Strait of Taiwan of around 3,500,000 km². It is one of the largest sea bodies after the five oceans. The minute South China Sea Islands, collectively an archipelago, number in the hundreds. The sea and its mostly uninhabited islands are subject to competing claims of and on the east by the East China Sea The East China Sea is a marginal sea east of China. It is a part of the Pacific Ocean and covers an area of 1,249,000 km². In China, the sea is called the East Sea beyond which lies Taiwan Taiwan , also known as Formosa (Chinese: 福爾摩沙; from Portuguese: Ilha, meaning "beautiful (island)"), is the largest island of the Republic of China in East Asia. Taiwan is located east of the Taiwan Strait, off the southeastern coast of China. Since the end of World War II in 1945, the island group has been under the government, Korea Korea is a civilization and formerly unified nation currently divided into two states. Located on the Korean Peninsula, it borders China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the east by the Korea Strait, and Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters which make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which.
Ancient Chinese civilization—one of the world's earliest—flourished in the fertile basin of the Yellow River The Yellow River is called "the cradle of Chinese civilization", as its basin is the birthplace of the northern Chinese civilizations and was the most prosperous region in early Chinese history. But frequent devastating flooding largely due to the elevated river bed in its lower course, has also earned it the unenviable name "China' which flows through the North China Plain The North China Plain is based on the deposits of the Yellow River and is the largest alluvial plain of eastern Asia. The plain is bordered on the north by the Yanshan Mountains and on the west by the Taihang Mountains. To the south, it merges into the Yangtze Plain. From northeast to southeast, it fronts the Bohai Gulf, the highlands of Shandong.[14] For over 4,000 years, China's political system was based on hereditary monarchies (also known as dynasties). The first of these dynasties was the Xia but it was later the Qin Dynasty who first unified China in 221 BC. The last dynasty, the Qing, ended in 1911 with the founding of the Republic of China (ROC) by the Nationalist Kuomintang (KMT). The first half of the 20th century saw China plunged into a period of disunity and civil wars that divided the country into two main political camps – the Kuomintang and the Communists. Major hostilities ended in 1949, when the People's Republic of China (PRC) was established in mainland China by the victorious Communists. The KMT-led Republic of China government retreated to Taipei, its jurisdiction now limited to Taiwan and several outlying islands. As of today, the PRC is still involved in disputes with the ROC over issues of sovereignty and the political status of Taiwan.
China's importance in the world today[15][16] is reflected through its role as the world's third largest economy nominally (or second largest by PPP) and a permanent member of the UN Security Council as well as being a member of several other multilateral organizations including the WTO, APEC, East Asia Summit, and Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In addition, it is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world's largest standing army with the second largest defense budget. Since the introduction of market-based economic reforms in 1978, China has become one of the world's fastest growing economies[17] and the world's second largest exporter and the third largest importer of goods. Rapid industrialization has reduced its poverty rate from 53% in 1981 to 8% in 2001.[18] However, the PRC is now faced with a number of other problems including a rapidly aging population due to the one-child policy,[19] a widening rural-urban income gap, and environmental degradation.[20][21] Moreover, China has been criticized for its human rights violations,[22] and for having a problematic record of interfering with press freedom.[23]
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17 (Xinhua) -- Former US secretary of state Henry Kissinger on Thursday extended his warm congratulations to the People's Republic of China on its 60th ...
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Xin Zhou People s Republic of China Guangzhou Daily
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Chongqing is the largest and most populated municipality of the . People's Republic of China. . It is also the only one of these municipalities in the western region of . China. . The municipality of Chongqing has a registered population of ...
