The Roxolani ( from Alanic Ossetian , also sometimes called Ossete, is an East Iranian language spoken in Ossetia, a region on the slopes of the Caucasus Mountains ruxsalan- "bright alan" ) were a Sarmatian The Sarmatians, Sarmatæ or Sauromatæ were a people of Ancient Iranian origin. Mentioned by classical authors, they migrated from Central Asia to the Ural Mountains around fifth century B.C. and eventually settled in most of southern European Russia, Ukraine, and the eastern Balkans people, who are believed[by whom?] to be an off-shoot of the Alans The Alans or Alani were a group of Sarmatian tribes, nomadic pastoralists of the 1st millennium AD who spoke an Eastern Iranian language which derived from Scytho-Sarmatian and which in turn evolved into modern Ossetian. Their first recorded homeland lay between the Don The Don is one of the major rivers of Russia. It rises in the town of Novomoskovsk 60 kilometres southeast from Tula, southeast of Moscow, and flows for a distance of about 1,950 kilometres (1,220 mi) to the Sea of Azov and Dnieper The Dnieper River , (Russian: Днепр, Dnepr, pronounced [dnʲɛpr]; Belarusian: Дняпро, Dniapro, pronounced [dnʲaˈpro]; Ukrainian: Днiпро, Dnipro, pronounced [dnʲiˈpro]; Crimean Tatar: Özü) is one of the major rivers in Europe (fourth by length) that flows from Russia, through Belarus and Ukraine, to the Black Sea. Its total rivers; they migrated in the 1st century BC The 1st century BC, also known as the last century BC or 1st century BCE started on the first day of 100 BC and ended on the last day of 1 BC toward the Danube The Danube is the longest river in the European Union and Europe's second longest river after the Volga, to what is now the Baragan steppes in Romania Romania (pronounced /roʊˈmeɪniə/ roe-MAY-nee-ə; archaic: Rumania, Roumania; Romanian: România [romɨˈni.a] ( listen)) is a country located in Southeastern and Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Almost all of the Danube Delta is located.
The Greco The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions, who can also be found in diaspora communities around the world-Roman The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean. The term is used to describe the Roman state during and after the time of the first emperor, Augustus historian Strabo Strabo was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher (late first century BC-early first century AD) described them as "wagon A wagon or dray (low, sideless) is a heavy four-wheeled vehicle. This word comes from the latin vagare : vago meaning I go here and there, I wander. Wagons were formerly pulled by animals such as horses, mules or oxen. Today farm wagons are pulled by tractors and trucks. Wagons are used for transporting people or goods. Wagons are distinguished-dwellers" (i.e. nomads Nomadic people are communities of people who move from one place to another, rather than settling permanently in one location. There are an estimated 30-40 million nomads in the world. Many cultures have traditionally been nomadic, but traditional nomadic behavior is increasingly rare in industrialized countries. Nomadic cultures are discussed in) (Geographika, Book VII).
Around 100 BC they invaded the Crimea Crimea or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukrainian: Крим, Автономна Республіка Крим Avtonomna Respublika Krym; Russian: Крым, Автономная Республика Крым, Avtonomnaya Respublika Krym; Crimean Tatar: Qırım, Qırım Muhtar Cumhuriyeti, Къырым, Къырым Мухтар Джумхури under their king Tasius in support of the Scythian warlord Palacus but were defeated by Diophantus, general of Mithradates VI.
In the mid-first century AD, the Roxolani began making incursions across the Danube The Danube is the longest river in the European Union and Europe's second longest river after the Volga into Roman territory. One such raid in AD Anno Domini and Before Christ (abbreviated as BC or B.C.) are designations used to label years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. The calendar era to which they refer is based on the traditionally reckoned year of the conception or birth of Jesus, with AD denoting years after the start of this epoch, and BC denoting years before the start of 68/69 was intercepted by the Legio III Gallica with Roman auxiliaries Auxiliaries formed the standing non-citizen corps of the Roman army of the Principate (30 BC–284 AD), alongside the citizen legions. By the 2nd century, the auxilia contained the same number of infantry as the legions and in addition provided almost all the Roman army's cavalry and more specialised troops (especially light cavalry and archers), who destroyed a raiding force of 9,000 Roxolanian cavalry encumbered by baggage. Tacitus Publius Cornelius Tacitus (AD 56 – AD 117) was a senator and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works—the Annals and the Histories—examine the reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors. These two works span the history of the Roman Empire (Hist. Bk1.79) describes the weight of the armor Armour or armor is protective covering used to prevent damage from being inflicted to an individual or a vehicle through use of direct contact weapons or projectiles, usually during combat, or from damage caused by a potentionally dangerous environment or action (e.g:cycling, sites of construction works) Personal armour is used to protect soldiers, worn by the 'princes and most distinguished persons' made 'it difficult for such as have been overthrown by the charge of the enemy to regain their feet' The long two-handed kontos lance The term lance has become a catchall for a variety of different pole weapons based on the spear. The name is derived from lancea, Roman auxiliaries' javelin, although according to the OED, the word may be of Iberian origin, the primary melee weapon A melee weapon is any weapon that does not involve a projectile — that is, both the user and target of the weapon are in contact with it simultaneously in normal use. A weapon that fires a projectile, or is a projectile itself, is a ranged weapon of the Sarmatians, was unusable in these conditions. The Roxolani avenged themselves in AD 92, when they joined the Dacians The Dacians were an Indo-European people, the ancient inhabitants of Dacia (located in the area in and around the Carpathian mountains and east of there to the Black Sea), present-day Romania and Moldova, parts of Sarmatia (mostly in eastern Ukraine) and Scythia Minor in southeastern Europe (Romania, Serbia and Bulgaria). They spoke the Dacian in destroying the Roman Legio XXI Rapax.
During Trajan's Dacian Wars The Dacian Wars were two brief wars between the Roman Empire and Dacia during Emperor Trajan's rule. The conflict was a result of raiding across the Danube by Dacians in 86 AD into the south bank Danubian Roman Province of Moesia, the Roxolani at first sided with the Dacians The Dacians were an Indo-European people, the ancient inhabitants of Dacia (located in the area in and around the Carpathian mountains and east of there to the Black Sea), present-day Romania and Moldova, parts of Sarmatia (mostly in eastern Ukraine) and Scythia Minor in southeastern Europe (Romania, Serbia and Bulgaria). They spoke the Dacian, providing them with most of their cavalry strength, but they were defeated in the first campaign of AD 101-102. They appear to have stood aside as neutrals during Trajan's final campaign of AD 105-106, which ended in the complete destruction of the Dacian state. The creation of the Roman province of Dacia In ancient geography, especially in Roman sources, Dacia was the land inhabited by the Dacians. Dacia had in the middle the Carpathian Mountains and was bounded approximately by the Danubius river, in Greek sources Istros or, at its greatest extent, by the Haemus Mons (the Balkan Mountains) to the south - Moesia (Dobrogea), a region south of the brought Roman power to the very doorstep of Roxolani territory. The Emperor Hadrian Publius Aelius Hadrianus was the fourteenth emperor of Rome from AD 117 to 138, as well as a Stoic and Epicurean philosopher. A member of the gens Aelia, Hadrian was the third of the so-called Five Good Emperors reinforced a series of pre-existing fortifications Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defense in warfare and military bases. Humans have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, in a variety of increasingly complex designs. The term is derived from the Latin fortis and facere ("to make") and built numerous forts Fortifications are military constructions and buildings designed for defence in warfare and military bases. Humans have constructed defensive works for many thousands of years, in a variety of increasingly complex designs. The term is derived from the Latin fortis and facere ("to make") along the Danube to contain the Roxolani threat.
Later, Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus[notes 1] was Roman emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He ruled with Lucius Verus as co-emperor from 161 until Lucius' death in 169. He was the last of the "Five Good Emperors", and is also considered one of the most important Stoic philosophers. His tenure was marked by wars in Asia against a also campaigned against the Roxolani along the Danubian frontier. They are known to have attacked the Roman Province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient province of the Roman Empire bounded north and east by the Danube, coterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. Pannonia was located over the territory of the present-day western half of Hungary with parts in Austria, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Slovakia and Bosnia and in 260; shortly afterwards contingents of Roxolani troops entered Roman military service.
Like other Sarmatian peoples, the Roxolani were conquered by the Huns The Huns were a group of nomadic pastoral people who, appearing from beyond the Volga, migrated into Europe c. 370 CE and built up an enormous empire in Europe. Since De Guignes linked them with the Xiongnu who had been northern neighbours of China three hundred years before, considerable scholarly effort has been devoted in investigating such a in the mid fourth century and disappeared from history.
The Rus/Roxolani hypothesis
A number of Russian Russia (pronounced /ˈrʌʃə/ ; Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya, pronounced [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya, pronounced [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈraʦəjə] ( listen)), is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal anti-Normanist historians A historian is an individual who studies and writes about history, and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all events in time. If the individual is concerned with events preceding written history, the, such as Dmitry Ilovaisky, have attempted to link the Roxolani with the Slavic The Slavic Peoples are an ethnic and linguistic branch of Indo-European peoples, living mainly in central and eastern Europe. From the early 6th century they spread to inhabit most of the Central and Eastern Europe and the Balkans. Many settled later in Siberia and Central Asia or emigrated to other parts of the world. Over half of Europe is, Rus The Rus' were the historic population of the Rus' Khaganate and Kievan Rus', who appeared in Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is a region lying in the Eastern part of Europe. The term is highly Low context culture and even volatile, as there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region". A related UN paper adds that "every assessment of spatial identities is essentially a social and cultural construct& some four centuries after the disappearance of the Rhoxolani. Such theories continue to be popular in Russia to this day, though they were generally considered, even before the era of genetic research, as pseudo-science Pseudoscience is a methodology, belief, or practice that is claimed to be scientific, or that is made to appear to be scientific, but which does not adhere to an appropriate scientific methodology, lacks supporting evidence or plausibility, or otherwise lacks scientific status. The term comes from the Greek prefix pseudo- and "science" ( by most academics.
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This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition is a 29-volume reference work that marked the beginning of the Encyclopædia Britannica's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the day. This edition of the encyclopedia is now in the public domain, but the outdated nature, a publication now in the public domain The public domain is an intellectual property designation for the range of content that is not owned or controlled by anyone. These materials are public property, and available for anyone to use freely for any purpose. The public domain can be defined in contrast to several forms of intellectual property; the public domain in contrast to.
Categories: Ancient peoples | Ancient peoples of Russia | Iranian peoples This category is based on linguistics and, in some cases, culture and genetics. In other words, it incorporates people from diverse backgrounds who speak a related group of languages. A core group of Iranian peoples exist, while other groups are either assumed to be putatively descended from them or have some unknown affiliation. Some of these | Sarmatians | Alans Categories: Ancient peoples | Ethnic groups in Europe | Eurasian nomads | Ancient Iranian peoples | Ancient peoples of Russia | Late Antiquity | Migration Period | Ossetia | Sarmatians | Vandal history | Peoples of the Caucasus | Indo-Iranian peoples | History of Portugal | History of Spain | People by historical ethnicity | Eurasian nomads Categories: Ethnic groups in Asia | Eurasian history | Nomads
