In chemistry Chemistry (from Arabic: كيمياء Latinized: chem , meaning "value") is the science of matter and the changes it undergoes. The science of matter is also addressed by physics, but while physics takes a more general and fundamental approach, chemistry is more specialized - concerned with the composition, behavior, structure, and, a mesylate is any salt Salt is a dietary mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride that is essential for animal life, but can be toxic to many land plants. Salt flavor is one of the basic tastes, making salt one of the oldest, most ubiquitous food seasoning. Salting is an important method of food preservation or ester Esters are chemical compounds derived by reacting an oxoacid with a hydroxyl compound such as an alcohol or phenol. Esters are usually derived from an inorganic acid or organic acid in which at least one -OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an -O-alkyl (alkoxy) group, and most commonly from carboxylic acids and alcohols of methanesulfonic acid (C Carbon is the chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. There are three naturally occurring isotopes, with 12C and 13C being stable, while 14C is radioactive, decaying with a half-life of H Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the symbol H. With an atomic weight of 1.00794 u, hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant chemical element, constituting roughly 75 % of the Universe's elemental mass. Stars in the main sequence are mainly composed of hydrogen in its plasma state. Naturally occurring3S Sulfur or sulphur is the chemical element that has the atomic number 16. It is denoted with the symbol S. It is an abundant, multivalent non-metal. Sulfur, in its native form, is a bright yellow crystalline solid. In nature, it can be found as the pure element and as sulfide and sulfate minerals. It is an essential element for life and is found in O Oxygen , from the Greek roots ὀξύς (acid, literally "sharp", from the taste of acids) and -γενής (-genēs) (producer, literally begetter), is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, and is a highly reactive nonmetallic period 2 element that3H). In salts, the mesylate is present as the CH3SO3− anion An ion is an atom or molecule where the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge. An anion , from the Greek word ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up', is an ion with more electrons than protons, giving it a net negative charge (since electrons are negatively charged and. When modifying the International Nonproprietary Name An International Nonproprietary Name is the official non-proprietary or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as designated by the World Health Organization (WHO)[citation needed]. The plethora of named proprietary preparations containing a given substance can lead to confusion about the identity of the active ingredient. INNs of a pharmaceutical substance A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine, medication or medicament, can be loosely defined as any chemical substance intended for use in the medical diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of disease containing the group or anion, the correct spelling is mesilate (as in imatinib mesilate, the mesylate salt of imatinib EU EMEA:link, US FDA:link).[1]
Mesylate esters are a group of organic compounds An organic compound is any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. For historical reasons discussed below, a few types of compounds such as carbonates, simple oxides of carbon and cyanides, as well as the allotropes of carbon, are considered inorganic. The distinction between "organic" and " that share a common functional group In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reaction regardless of the size of the molecule it is a part of. However, its relative reactivity can be with the general structure CH3SO2O-R , abbreviated MsO-R, where R is an organic substituent. Mesylate is considered an excellent leaving group In chemistry, a leaving group is a molecular fragment that departs with a pair of electrons in heterolytic bond cleavage. Leaving groups can be anions or neutral molecules. Common anionic leaving groups are halides such as Cl-, Br-, and I-, and sulfonate esters, such as para-toluenesulfonate or "tosylate" . Common neutral molecule in nucleophilic substitution In organic and inorganic chemistry, nucleophilic substitution is a fundamental class of substitution reaction in which an "electron rich" nucleophile selectively bonds with or attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom attached to a group or atom called the leaving group; the positive or partially positive atom is reactions.
Mesyl is the term for the methylsulfonyl or CH3SO2- (Ms-) functional group. For example, methanesulfonyl chloride is often referred to as mesyl chloride.
Preparation
Mesylates may be prepared using an alcohol In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which a hydroxyl functional group (-O and methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of a base In chemistry, a base is most commonly thought of as an aqueous substance that can accept hydrogen ions. Bases are also the oxides or hydroxides of metals. A soluble base is also often referred to as an alkali if hydroxide ions are involved. This refers to the Brønsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases. Alternative definitions of bases include, often amine Amines are organic compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group. Important amines include amino acids, biogenic amines, trimethylamine, and aniline; see Category:Amines for bases such as triethylamine Triethylamine is the chemical compound with the formula N3, commonly abbreviated Et3N. It is also abbreviated TEA, yet this abbreviation must be used carefully to avoid confusion with triethanolamine, for which TEA is also a common abbreviation. It is commonly encountered in organic synthesis probably because it is the simplest symmetrically.[2] Mesylates can also be prepared by combining an alcohol, methanesulfonic anhydride and base, although this method is generally used only if the nucleophilicity of chloride is a concern.
See also
References
- ^ World Health Organization The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. Established on 7 April 1948, and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health Organization, which had been an agency of the (February 2006). International Nonproprietary Names Modified. INN Working Document 05.167/3. WHO. http://www.who.int/medicines/services/inn/INNMreview%20paperWkDoc167_Feb06_3_.pdf. Retrieved December 5, 2008.
- ^ Rick L. Danheiser, Yeun-Min Tsai, and David M. Fink (1993), "A General Method for the Synthesis of Allenylsilanes: 1-Methyl-1-(trimethylsilyl)allene", Org. Synth. Organic synthesis is a special branch of chemical synthesis and is concerned with the construction of organic compounds via organic reactions. Organic molecules can often contain a higher level of complexity compared to purely inorganic compounds, so the synthesis of organic compounds has developed into one of the most important branches of, http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/orgsyn/prepContent.asp?prep=CV8P0471 ; Coll. Vol. 8: 471 (a procedure illustrating the use of mesylates)
Categories: Functional groups | Leaving groups | Sulfonates |
Alison R. Walker, Rami S. Komrokji, Jainulabdeen Ifthikharuddin, Patti Messina, Deborah Mulford, Michael Becker, Jonathan Friedberg, Jamie Oliva, Gordon Phillips, Jane L. Liesveld, Camille Abboud
2008-09-20 13:43:03
Abstract: Receptor activated tyrosine kinases such as c-kit, c-fms and PDGFR are known targets of inhibition by imatinib . mesylate. (Gleevec) and are expressed on AML blasts. Marrow stromal cells and monocytes express KIT ligand, . ...
